Число 22 больше 19 на 3:
19 + 3 = 22
$\begin{array}{r}\begin{array}{r}+\end{array}\underline{\begin{array}{r}19\\ 3\end{array}}\\ \begin{array}{r}22\end{array}\end{array}$
Число 16 меньше 19 на 3:
19 − 3 = 16
$\begin{array}{r}\begin{array}{r}-\end{array}\underline{\begin{array}{r}19\\ 3\end{array}}\\ \begin{array}{r}16\end{array}\end{array}$